Spin-Steered Photosynthesis of H2O2 in Magnetic Single-Atom Modified Covalent Triazine Frameworks: A Density Functional Theory Study.

Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) demonstrate promising potential in the photocatalytic synthesis of H2O2 owing to favorable light absorption, superior charge separation, and considerable surface area. However, the efficiency of H2O2 photosynthesis is impeded by insufficient O2 adsorption sites and a high reaction barrier. In this work, various metal single atoms (Fe, Co, Ni) are introduced onto covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) with N-N coordination sites to significantly enhance O2 adsorption and optimize H2O2 synthesis. Computational findings suggest that the presence of Fe, Co, and Ni not only enhances O2 adsorption but also exerts an influence on the reaction pathway of H2O2. Significantly, Fe exhibits a distinct advantage in modulating O2 adsorption through its unique electron spin state when compared to Co and Ni, as confirmed by crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) analysis. Additionally, this integration of metal atoms also improves light absorption and charge separation in CTFs. The study provides strategic insight into elevating H2O2 production by incorporating tailored metal single atoms into COFs.

FLAMES overlaying anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, simultaneous or sequential occurrence of MOG antibody disease and anti-NMDAR encephalitis in the same patient has been reported with increasing frequency. Scholars refer to the overlapping occurrence of these two disorders as MOG antibody disease and anti-NMDAR encephalitis overlap syndrome (MNOS). Cortical T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) -hyperintense lesions in anti-MOG-associated encephalitis with seizures (FLAMES) is a rare clinical phenotype of MOGAD in which cortical FLAIR high-signal lesions are unilateral, with little spread to the cortex and meninges bilaterally. Although cases of FLAMES have been consistently reported. However, to our knowledge, such cases of FLAMES combined with NMDARE are rare. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we describe a case of FLAMES combined with anti-NMDARE. The patient was a young male, 29 years old, admitted to our hospital with isolated seizures, whose MRI showed unilateral thalamic and bilateral frontal and parietal leptomeningeal involvement. Since we were unaware of the possibility of bilateral meningo-cortical MOGAD manifestations, the case was initially diagnosed as viral encephalitis and was given antiviral therapy. The diagnosis was not clarified until anti-NMDAR-IgG and MOG-IgG positivity was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum. The patient was then treated with high-dose corticosteroids and his symptoms responded well to the steroids. Therefore, this case expands the clinical spectrum of MNOS overlap syndrome. In addition, we describe the clinical features of MNOS by summarizing the existing literature and exploring the possible mechanisms of its immune response. CONCLUSIONS: Our case serves as a reminder to clinicians that when patients present with atypical clinical manifestations such as seizures, consideration should be given to MNOS and conduct testing for various relevant autoantibodies (including MOG abs) and viruses in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid, as it is easy to misdiagnose the disease as other CNS diseases, such as viral meningoencephalitis. This syndrome exhibits a high responsiveness to steroids, highlighting the critical importance of recognizing the clinical and neuroimaging features of this overlap syndrome for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, it enriches the disease spectrum of MNOS.

Comparative analysis of shotgun metagenomics and 16S rDNA sequencing of gut microbiota in migratory seagulls.

Background: Shotgun metagenomic and 16S rDNA sequencing are commonly used methods to identify the taxonomic composition of microbial communities. Previously, we analysed the gut microbiota and intestinal pathogenic bacteria configuration of migratory seagulls by using 16S rDNA sequencing and culture methods. Methods: To continue in-depth research on the gut microbiome and reveal the applicability of the two methods, we compared the metagenome and 16S rDNA amplicon results to further demonstrate the features of this animal. Results: The number of bacterial species detected by metagenomics gradually increased from the phylum to species level, consistent with 16S rDNA sequencing. Several taxa were commonly shared by both sequencing methods. However, Escherichia, Shigella, Erwinia, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Escherichia albertii, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella enterica, and Shigella flexneri were unique taxa for the metagenome compared with Escherichia-Shigella, Hafnia-Obesumbacterium, Catellicoccus marimammalium, Lactococcus garvieae, and Streptococcus gallolyticus for 16S rDNA sequencing. The largest differences in relative abundance between the two methods were identified at the species level, which identified many pathogenic bacteria to humans using metagenomic sequencing. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficient for the two methods gradually decreased with the refinement of the taxonomic levels. The high consistency of the correlation coefficient was identified at the genus level for the beta diversity of the two methods. Conclusions: In general, relatively consistent patterns and reliability could be identified by both sequencing methods, but the results varied following the refinement of taxonomic levels. Metagenomic sequencing was more suitable for the discovery and detection of pathogenic bacteria of gut microbiota in seagulls. Although there were large differences in the numbers and abundance of bacterial species of the two methods in terms of taxonomic levels, the patterns and reliability results of the samples were consistent.

Comparative proteomic analysis of edible bird's nest from different origins.

Edible bird's nest (EBN) mainly made of saliva that secreted by a variety of swiftlets is a kind of precious traditional Chinese medicine. EBNs from different biological and geographical origins exhibit varieties in morphology, material composition, nutritive value and commercial value. Here, we collected four different EBN samples from Huaiji, China (Grass EBN), Nha Trang, Vietnam (Imperial EBN) and East Kalimantan, Indonesia (White EBN and Feather EBN) respectively, and applied label-free quantitative MS-based proteomics technique to identify its protein composition. First, phylogenetic analysis was performed based on cytb gene to identify its biological origin. Second, a total of 37 proteins of EBNs were identified, among which there were six common proteins that detected in all samples and exhibited relatively higher content. Gene ontology analysis revealed the possible function of EBN proteins, and principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis based on 37 proteins were performed to compare the difference of various EBNs. In summary, our study deciphered the common and characteristic protein components of EBNs of different origins and described their possible functions by GO enrichment analysis, which helps to establish an objective and reliable quality evaluation system.

The dose response of erythemal area and intensity on the unprotected skin fits well to a logistic 3P model in SPF tests of a Chinese population, which has the potential to improve the precision and consistency of minimal erythema dose determination.

BACKGROUND: The current ISO guidelines for minimal erythema dose (MED) determination require assessment of erythema area of UV-irradiated skin sites. However, this parameter has not been adequately quantified in daily practice. The aims of this study were to investigate the dose response on the unprotected skin sites by quantifying the erythema area and intensity and to show the potential for improving the precision and consistency of MEDu determination by developing predictive models. METHODS: Standard radiation tests were conducted on the back of 31 healthy Chinese volunteers and the MEDu site of each subject was clinically determined by dermatologists. Images of test sites were captured 24 h after radiation, and the erythema area (%EA) and intensity (∆a*) were measured by image analysis. The data were fitted to a logistic 3P function to obtain dose-response curves, and a set of logit (inverse-logistic) models were then derived. An erythema area threshold of %EA = 52% was established to predict MEDu based on the clinical endpoints defined by ISO 24444:2019. RESULTS: Analysis of the clinically determined MEDu sites revealed wide ranges of %EA (62.3 ± 15% SD) and ∆a* (2.96 ± 0.92 SD). The dose response fitted well to a logistic 3P model (mean R2 = 0.965 and 0.975 for %EA and ∆a*, respectively). Applying the area threshold, values of MEDu were determined by the logit model for the test population, which significantly improved the consistency of MEDu determination (52 ± 0% SD and 2.73 ± 0.61 SD for %EA and ∆a*, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the dose response of UV-induced erythema can be quantified and modeled once the erythema area and intensity are measured. The results of this study show the potential to improve the precision and consistency of MEDu determination in an SPF test. The similar potential in photodermatological, therapeutic, and diagnostic applications was also implied.

The in vitro and in vivo antiviral effects of aloperine against Zika virus infection.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection poses a significant threat to global public health and is associated with microcephaly. There are no approved ZIKV-specific vaccines or drugs for the clinical treatment of the infection. Currently, there are no approved ZIKV-specific vaccines or drugs for the clinical treatment of the infection. In this study, we investigated the antiviral potential of aloperine, a quinolizidine alkaloid, against ZIKV infection in vivo and in vitro. Our results demonstrate that aloperine effectively inhibits ZIKV infection in vitro, with a low nanomolar half maximal effective concentration (EC50 ). Specifically, aloperine strongly protected cells from ZIKV multiplication, as indicated by decreased expression of viral proteins and virus titer. Our further investigations using the time-of-drug-addition assay, binding, entry, and replication assays, detection of ZIKV strand-specific RNA, the cellular thermal shift assay, and molecular docking revealed that aloperine significantly inhibits the replication stage of the ZIKV life cycle by targeting the domain RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP) of ZIKV NS5 protein. Additionally, aloperine reduced viremia in mice and effectively lowered the mortality rate in infected mice. These findings highlight the potency of aloperine and its ability to target ZIKV infection, suggesting its potential as a promising antiviral drug against ZIKV.

Knockout of SlYTH2, encoding a YTH domain-containing protein, caused plant dwarfing, delayed fruit internal ripening, and increased seed abortion rate in tomato.

The m6A is one of the most abundant and widespread modifications in eukaryotic mRNAs, which regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and plays key roles in many physiological processes. The YT521-B homologous (YTH) domain-containing proteins act as m6A readers to regulate m6A-RNA metabolism processes and mediate the various functions of m6A modification. Previously, we reported tomato contains 9 YTH genes, among which SlYTH2 is relatively highly expressed. This study reports the physiological functions of SlYTH2 in tomato. SlYTH2 protein is distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and its three-dimensional structure is highly similar to human HsYTHDF1. SlYTH2 knockout through Crispr/Cas9 gene editing technology leaded to pleiotropic phenotypes, including dwarfing plant, delayed fruit internal ripening process, and increased seed abortion rate. The deletion of SlYTH2 gene increased the accumulation of endogenous ABA, decreased the content of endogenous GA3, and enhanced the sensitivity of seed germination to exogenous ABA and seedling growth to exogenous GA3. RNA-Seq data showed that the expression levels of multiple hormone-related genes were altered in SlYTH2 knockout line. These facts suggested SlYTH2 plays its physiological roles related to ABA, gibberellin and other hormones in tomato.

Socioeconomic factors, perceived stress, and social support effect on neonatal nurse burnout in China: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Neonatal nurses' working environments are highly stressful, and burnout is common. This study examines the effect of socioeconomic factors, perceived stress, and social support on neonatal nurse burnout. METHODS: A total of 311 neonatal nurses participated in this study. They were administered a validated Maslach Burnout Inventory. The study employed a 14-item perceived stress scale (PSS-14) and a social support rate scale (SSRS) to examine stress, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyles. RESULTS: Of the neonatal nurses, 40.19% had burnout, 89.60% had mild burnout, and 10.40% had moderate burnout; no neonatal nurse experienced severe burnout. Young nurses and those with low technical skills, poor interpersonal relationships, irregular diet, and insufficient rest were exposed to burnout (all p < 0.05).Most burnout nurses experienced moderate-severe perceived stress, and their PSS-14 scores were higher (all p < 0.05).The scores for objective social support, subjective social support, utilization of social support, total SSRS scores, and the level of social support were all lower in burnout nurses (all p < 0.05). Perceived stress was correlated positively and significantly with emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment (all p < 0.05). Social support correlated significantly with and reduced personal accomplishments (p < 0.05). Age, poor interpersonal relationships, perceived stress, and social support were all independent factors associated with neonatal nurse burnout (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of burnout in neonatal nurses was higher than average. Socioeconomic factors, higher perceived stress, and lower social support contribute to neonatal nurse burnout. Nursing managers should pay attention to socioeconomic factors, perceived stress, and social support among neonatal nurses and employ strategies to reduce neonatal nurse burnout.

Metagenomics of gut microbiome for migratory seagulls in Kunming city revealed the potential public risk to human health.

BACKGROUND: Seagull as a migratory wild bird has become most popular species in southwest China since 1980s. Previously, we analyzed the gut microbiota and intestinal pathogenic bacteria configuration for this species by using 16S rRNA sequencing and culture methods. To continue in-depth research on the gut microbiome of migratory seagulls, the metagenomics, DNA virome and RNA virome were both investigated for their gut microbial communities of abundance and diversity in this study. RESULTS: The metagenomics results showed 99.72% of total species was bacteria, followed by viruses, fungi, archaea and eukaryota. In particular, Shigella sonnei, Escherichia albertii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella enterica and Shigella flexneri were the top distributed taxa at species level. PCoA, NMDS, and statistics indicated some drug resistant genes, such as adeL, evgS, tetA, PmrF, and evgA accumulated as time went by from November to January of the next year, and most of these genes were antibiotic efflux. DNA virome composition demonstrated that Caudovirales was the most abundance virus, followed by Cirlivirales, Geplafuvirales, Petitvirales and Piccovirales. Most of these phages corresponded to Enterobacteriaceae and Campylobacteriaceae bacterial hosts respectively. Caliciviridae, Coronaviridae and Picornaviridae were the top distributed RNA virome at family level of this migratory animal. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the sequences of contigs of Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus had highly similarity with some coronavirus references. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the characteristics of gut microbiome of migratory seagulls were closely related to human activities, and multiomics still revealed the potential public risk to human health.

Effects of donkey milk on UVB-induced skin barrier damage and melanin pigmentation: A network pharmacology and experimental validation study.

Introduction: Dairy products have long been regarded as a controversial nutrient for the skin. However, a clear demonstration of donkey milk (DM) on skincare is required. Methods: In this study, spectrum and chemical component analyses were applied to DM. Then, the effects of DM on UVB-induced skin barrier damage and melanin pigmentation were first evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Cell survival, animal models, and expression of filaggrin (FLG) were determined to confirm the effect of DM on UVB-induced skin barrier damage. Melanogenesis and tyrosinase (TYR) activity were assessed after UVB irradiation to clarify the effect of DM on whitening activities. Further, a network pharmacology method was applied to study the interaction between DM ingredients and UVB-induced skin injury. Meanwhile, an analysis of the melanogenesis molecular target network was developed and validated to predict the melanogenesis regulators in DM. Results: DM was rich in cholesterols, fatty acids, vitamins and amino acids. The results of evaluation of whitening activities in vitro and in vivo indicated that DM had a potent inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis. The results of effects of DM on UVB­induced skin barrier damage indicated that DM inhibited UVB-induced injury and restored skin barrier function via up-regulation expression of FLG (filaggrin). The pharmacological network of DM showed that DM regulated steroid biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism in keratinocytes and 64 melanin targets which the main contributing role of DM might target melanogenesis, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathway. Discussion: These results highlight the potential use of DM as a promising agent for whitening and anti-photoaging applications.

Percutaneous robot-assisted screw fixation for nondisplaced pelvic fractures: a good choice?

PURPOSE: To compare the merits and demerits of percutaneous robot-assisted screw fixation for nondisplaced pelvic fractures with other treatments via long-term follow-up. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of nondisplaced pelvic fractures treated between January 2015 and December 2021. The number of fluoroscopy exposures, operative duration, intraoperative blood loss, surgical complications, screw placement accuracy and Majeed score were compared among the nonoperative group (24 cases), open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) group (45 cases), free-hand empirical screw fixation (FH) group (10 cases) and robot-assisted screw fixation (RA) group (40 cases). RESULTS: There was less intraoperative blood loss in the RA and FH groups than in the ORIF group. The number of fluoroscopy exposures in the RA group was lower than that in the FH group but much higher than that in the ORIF group. There were five cases of wound infection in the ORIF group and no surgical complications in the FH or RA group. The medical expenses were higher in the RA group than in the FH group, with no significant difference from the ORIF group. The Majeed score was lowest in the nonoperative group three months after injury (64.5±12.0) but lowest in the ORIF group one year after injury (88.6±4.1). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous RA for nondisplaced pelvic fractures is effective and minimally invasive and does not increase medical expenses compared with ORIF. Therefore, it is the best choice for patients with nondisplaced pelvic fractures.

The Removal, Excision, Sterilization, and Quarantine (RESQ) Method is a Feasible Alternative Treatment for Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections.

Background: Current guidelines recommend that all infected cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) should be removed. However, financial or anatomical concerns can lead to management of infection with simple debridement, as opposed to complete removal. In this observational study, we report the outcomes of our modified procedure for this real-world dilemma. Methods and Results: The Quarantine (RESQ) method is characterized as follows: the removal (R) of all non-essential foreign materials, including old sutures and leads; the excision (E) of all non-viable, chronically inflamed, granulation, or scar tissue; the sterilization (S) of the remaining generator; and the quarantine (Q) of a new pocket in the sub-muscular layer for reimplantation. From a review of electronic medical records, 30 patients were selected and divided into three groups according to the intervention used: RESQ (n = 9) in group A, simple debridement (n = 16) in group B, and guideline-recommended replacement (n = 5) in group C. Patient baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. After analyzing the proportion of patients that were free from infection one year following their respective interventions, we found that group A performed better than group B (100% and 31.2% infection-free, respectively, p = 0.001), and was comparable to group C (both 100% infection-free, p = not applicable). Conclusions: The RESQ method is a feasible and beneficial alternative for selected patients with CIED infections who are unable to receive a generator replacement according to the recommended guideline.

ZDHHC11 Suppresses Zika Virus Infections by Palmitoylating the Envelope Protein.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an RNA-enveloped virus that belongs to the Flavivirus genus, and ZIKV infections potentially induce severe neurodegenerative diseases and impair male fertility. Palmitoylation is an important post-translational modification of proteins that is mediated by a series of DHHC-palmitoyl transferases, which are implicated in various biological processes and viral infections. However, it remains to be investigated whether palmitoylation regulates ZIKV infections. In this study, we initially observed that the inhibition of palmitoylation by 2-bromopalmitate (2-BP) enhanced ZIKV infections, and determined that the envelope protein of ZIKV is palmitoylated at Cys308. ZDHHC11 was identified as the predominant enzyme that interacts with the ZIKV envelope protein and catalyzes its palmitoylation. Notably, ZDHHC11 suppressed ZIKV infections in an enzymatic activity-dependent manner and ZDHHC11 knockdown promoted ZIKV infection. In conclusion, we proposed that the envelope protein of ZIKV undergoes a novel post-translational modification and identified a distinct mechanism in which ZDHHC11 suppresses ZIKV infections via palmitoylation of the ZIKV envelope protein.

Optimal position and apex-subchondral bone distance of cannulated screws for internal fixation of femoral neck fracture: A radiological study.

To determine the optimal position of three cannulated screws in an inverted triangle pattern for internal fixation of femoral neck fractures, including the apex-subchondral bone distance, computed tomography (CT) images of the hip were processed using the MIMICS (Materialize Interactive Medical Image Control System) Research software. Points adjacent to the inferior, anterosuperior, and posterior cortex of the femoral neck were selected on the axial view. Subsequently, the positions of these points were adjusted to maximize the area between them, and splines were drawn in the coronal and sagittal planes to represent the cannulated screws. Finally, the virtual anteroposterior and lateral fluoroscopy images of the proximal femur and splines were created and the parameters calculated. Finite element analysis showed this fixation scheme provides stronger fracture support and stability. Twenty patients with femoral neck fractures (Modified group), with the area and perimeter of the triangle formed on axial postoperative CT images, including the shortest distance from the tip of the screw to the subchondral bone was compared with 23 matched patients for whom the conventional inverted isosceles triangle configuration of screws for internal fixation was used (Conventional group). The area and perimeter of the stabilization screws were larger, with a shorter apex-subchondral bone distance for the Modified group. There was no incidence of screw penetration in the femoral neck or head in either group, and all fractures healed within a follow-up period of 10 months. The modified screw placement method is simple and safe and provides greater fracture stability than the conventional empirical method of fixation.

Correlation analysis of upper airway morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and anatomically small retruded mandibles.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between upper airway morphology and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with anatomically small retruded mandibles. METHODS: Fifty-two patients with small retruded mandibles underwent polysomnography and airway computed tomography. The airway morphology parameters and sleep assessment were compared between the patients with or without OSA. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients diagnosed with OSA, according to polysomnography, had a higher distance between the hyoid bone and mandibular plane (HMP), lateral dimension (LAT)/anteroposterior dimension (AP), but lower minimum cross-sectional area (mCSA), AP, surface area, volume, avgCSA, and airway uniformity (U). The apnea-hypopnea index had negative correlations with mCSA, AP, surface area, volume, avgCSA, and U, and had a positive correlation with HMP and LAT/AP. CONCLUSION: OSA is common among patients with small retruded mandibles and is associated with a more compressed upper airway shape and longer HMP.

The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with synchronous multiple primary malignant neoplasms occurring at the same time.

Background: Synchronous multiple primary malignant neoplasms occurring at the same time (SMPMNS) are not currently uncommon in clinical oncological practice; however, the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for SMPMNS needs further elucidation. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the application of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with SMPMNS. Materials and methods: The clinical and imaging data of 37 patients with SMPMNS who had undergone 18F-FDG PET/CT from October 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The kappa consistency test was applied to evaluate the consistency of the diagnostic performance between PET/CT and conventional imaging (CI). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET/CT and CI in the detection of metastatic lesions were compared. Results: This retrospective diagnostic study included 74 lesions identified in 37 patients with SMPMNS, with 94.6% of patients having double primary tumors. Of the incidences of SMPMNS, 18.9% occurred in the same organ system, with respiratory tumors being the most common type of neoplasm (43.2%) and the lung being the most common primary site (40.5%). The overall survival of SMPMNS patients without metastases was longer than that of those with metastases (χ 2 = 12.627, p = 0.000). The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), the SUVmax ratio (larger SUVmax/smaller SUVmax), and the difference index of SUVmax (DISUVmax) [(larger SUVmax - smaller SUVmax)/larger SUVmax] of the primary lesions ranged from 0.9 to 41.7 (average = 12.3 ± 7.9), from 0.3 to 26.7 (average = 4.4 ± 6.9), and from 0.0% to 96.3% (average = 50.3% ± 29.3%), respectively. With regard to diagnostic accuracy, PET/CT and CI showed poor consistency (κ = 0.096, p = 0.173). For the diagnosis of primary lesions (diagnosed and misdiagnosed), PET/CT and CI also showed poor consistency (κ = 0.277, p = 0.000), but the diagnostic performance of PET/CT was better than that of CI. In the diagnosis of metastases, the patient-based sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET/CT were 100.0%, 81.8%, and 89.2%, respectively, while those of CI were 73.3%, 100.0%, 89.2%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity values were significantly different, with PET/CT having higher sensitivity (p = 0.02) and CI showing higher specificity (p = 0.02). Conclusions: 18F-FDG PET/CT improves the diagnostic performance for SMPMNS and is a good imaging modality for patients with SMPMNS.

Liver transcriptomics reveals features of the host response in a mouse model of dengue virus infection.

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) infection induces various clinical manifestations and even causes organ injuries, leading to severe dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Hepatic dysfunction was identified as a risk predictor of progression to severe disease during the febrile phase of dengue. However, the underlying mechanisms of hepatic injury remain unclear. Methods: A model of dengue disease was established in IFNAR -/- C57BL/6 mice by challenge with DENV-2. Body weight, symptoms, haematological parameters and liver pathological observations in mice were used to determine the effects of DENV infection. Liver transcriptome sequencing was performed to evaluate the features of the host response in IFNAR -/- mice challenged with DENV. Functional enrichment analysis and analysis of significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used to determine the critical molecular mechanism of hepatic injury. Results: We observed haemoconcentration, leukopenia and liver pathologies in mice, consistent with findings in clinical dengue patients. Some differences in gene expression and biological processes were identified in this study. Transcriptional patterns in the liver indicated that antiviral responses to DENV and tissue damage via abnormal expression of proinflammatory cytokines were induced. Further analysis showed that the upregulated DEGs were significantly enriched in the leukocyte transendothelial migration, complement and coagulation cascades, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions signalling pathways, which are considered to be closely associated with the pathogenic mechanism of dengue. IL6, IL 10, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MMP9 and NLRP3 were identified as biomarkers of progression to severe disease. Conclusions: The interactions of these cytokines, which activate inflammatory signalling, may lead to organ injury and haemoconcentration and even to vascular leakage in tissues, including the mouse liver. Our study identifies candidate host targets that could be used for further functional verification.